Flexlm ECC alternate patching methods
 

After the v8.01 release, I know only 2 ways to bypass ECC protection in Flexlm license manager:
1) a binary patch to force "the good guy" at the end of of _lm_pubverify
2) a binary patch that forces the license manager to use the no ECC option for checking out licenses

I want to state that has been quite a while since I worked on that, however, I was wondering if anyone has ever considered to build patches based on the obsucated signature that you can find inside the binary.

For instance I analize the vendor_struc and I can fish out the obfuscated signature used for the handshaking between the client and daemon. The interesting part of it is that the signature is unique for any product and it could be easily found by hex searching.

I was wondering if it would be possible to write a personalized daemon with the correct seed1-2 and our own ECC and inject the personalized ECC sig inside the binary and generate licenses accordingly.

Any thoughs ? Am I missing somting fundamental here ?

Thnx,

nathan

Does (2) still work after V10.5?. I was told it had been defeated.

Git

It may be the case ... I haven't tested it ... however, what do you think about the injection idea ?

I don't know enough about ECC to comment, sorry.

Git

I think the inject idea can work fine.
I try this in Synplicity's software.

You need found the init section and patch it to your ECC init code.

in this way, only the static data session would be changed...

I beat the feature check on 11.4. It loads the any features with any number of licenses and and expiration date regardless of checksum.

MrGneissGuy's

Can you elaborate a little on which method you used?

(Patch 1 or 2, or the suggested injection of the personalized ECC code?)

Regards,

RCER

Try this little toy by Mammoth/ZWT :)

MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: application/octet-stream; name="patch.exe"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="patch.exe"
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Ozs7MAA/Ozs7OzswA/Ozs7OzswAAA/Ozs7OzAAA/Ozs7OzAAAAA/Ozs7MAAAA/Ozs7MAAAAAA/Oz
swAAAAA/OzswAAAAAAA/OzAAAAAAA/OzAAAAAAAAA/MAAAAAAAA/MAAAAAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAAwAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/3/+//4//H/8H/g/+A/wH/AH4A/gA8AHwAGAA4AAAAEAAAAAgAAA
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gAAAAcABgAPgA8AH8AfgD/gP8B/8H/g//j/8f/9//v+IEwAAFAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAEAICAQ
AAAAAADoAgAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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AGUgAAAAAAAAAABMb2FkTGlicmFyeUEAAABHZXRQcm9jQWRkcmVzcwAAAEV4aXRQcm9jZXNzAAAA
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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

@nathan
the idea you mentioned is possible to work. actually i did it in another way but i got same result. i made a daemon which work ok. by finding correct infos and set in lm_code.h you can compile a daemon with different ecc seeds which work same as original daemon. it was for long time ago, but as i remember a special kind of license needed too. in this way even if program itself check ecc signature rather than daemon, verification still will return true.

@toro: yes the idea can work indeed ... plus it's quite useful to build a database of ECC signatures which help the patch right away. I've been out for quite a long time but I'm back to exercise now XD

patch the pubkey data is another method.
and as far as i know, patch ECDSA data is the most powerful method. this can defeat any platform and any version FlexLM in second.

@swlepus:how ro patch ecdsa?

Search in the forum, "arlequim" has made a good patcher for vendors v10.5--11.9...
But in some cases doesn't work.. You need to find manually the flexlm ECC routine inside the vendor/exe/dll.....

still ok����

Toro any update on this one ?

Hi Nathan,
This is what I bumped into, some recent (Jan 2013) comments on the specific method of creating your own daemon with your own ECC seed:

===

Hiya,

This is the approach I've been using for the last 5 years or so. I had planned to write a quick tutorial showing the method I'm using, but essentially it goes something like this.

1. Build a lmcrypt.exe for target vendor using your own LM_SEEDS.
2. Dig out the 3 public keys from generated lmcrypt. They are 0x10/0x16 & 0X1F bytes in length as I recall.
3. Replace public keys in target with those from your lmcrypt.
4. Licenses can now be generated.

This is an over-simplification of the process, the public keys are rebuilt byte by byte at run-time so digging out all of the bytes to patch is kind of boring, (I wrote a program to do it). There are some other pitfalls I've seen, some targets have multiple public keys, you can also patch only the public key length your actually interested in, so if the program uses short ECC keys then only the shortest key needs patching.

Best regards,

CrackZ.

===

Cheers,
roli

how to patch pubkey��

Hi roli,

a long time since we talked on old edaboard !!! Yes that is exactly the method I was mentioning.
It has a significant advatange on the ECC pacth since the pubkey is unique for each daemon and can be easily found in the binary.

Any chance you can send me the link to the discussion or involve me into that one ?

Thnx,

nathan

Nevermind ... found it ...

but gulson kill superprivate forum ;)

Yep ... unfortunaltely people not able to keep privacy ;-)

Hi nathan,

could you please send me the link to the discussion as well.

rgds

rcer

Hi where is the toy

Hello, I can only see base64 code.

2 glucose :

Simply convert base64 code to binary )
h**p://www.motobit.com/util/base64-decoder-encoder.asp

In the perspective of digging deeper into the pubkey patch approach I would like to share few very useful information for those that intend to spend time on it.

Find attached the Generic pubkey replacer made by Tanker (win + linux). I tested the Win version on a couple of targets (v11.10 and v11.9.1) and it identifies the pubkey correctly (I double checked in the vendorcode struct in memory), however, I didn't manage to produce a working license, yet (work in progress as I may be missing something crucial in the generation).

Also I would like to recommend the follwing discussion which is quite informative IMHO:
http://bbs.pediy.com/showthread.php?t=152615

What am missing: reverse the obsucation algorithm used to store the pubkey in the client binary (any help is appreciated: CrackZ may be have something to say about :)) (note: not the one the scramble it in memory).

Anyone who would like to join the challenge is more than welcome of course. Feel free to test the Pubkey Replacer and feed back with success/unsuccess stories.

Enjoy !

nathan

nathan i tried the tool, but you need also to change the pub key in the crypter, otherwise the new license will be always useless...
Unfortunately the tool does not recognize the pubkey in the crypter.....
Now i see the version is v1.70...
Have you tried to patch the ecc inside the crypter...????
anyway thanks for the new version....

Well, I'm not that junior in Flexlm ;-). I changed the pubkey in the crypter of course and to be honest I haven't tried to patch the crypter (with a different originating pubkey) but I'll try to do that next ... BTW: lmseeds1=0x1111111 lmseed2=22222222 lmseed3=33333333

Why do you all still spend so much time trying to patch this silly Elliptic Curve ?!?!? The best alternate, fastest and working method is to patch the return compare of pubkey verify, isn't it? Here is the solution applied on some well-known flexlm library.

ORIGINAL CODE

.textidx:1015779B loc_1015779B: ; CODE XREF: sub_10157010+73Aj
.textidx:1015779B ; sub_10157010+76Aj
.textidx:1015779B lea ecx, [ebp+var_4]
.textidx:1015779E push ecx
.textidx:1015779F lea edx, [ebp+var_D8]
.textidx:101577A5 push edx
.textidx:101577A6 lea eax, [ebp+Dst]
.textidx:101577A9 push eax
.textidx:101577AA mov ecx, [ebp+Memory]
.textidx:101577B0 add ecx, 44h
.textidx:101577B3 push ecx
.textidx:101577B4 mov edx, [ebp+Memory]
.textidx:101577BA mov eax, [edx+4]
.textidx:101577BD push eax
.textidx:101577BE call sub_100B28B0
.textidx:101577C3 add esp, 14h
.textidx:101577C6 mov [ebp+var_20], eax
.textidx:101577C9 cmp [ebp+var_20], 0
.textidx:101577CD jz short loc_101577EB
.textidx:101577CF ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
.textidx:101577CF mov ecx, [ebp+var_20]
.textidx:101577D2 push ecx
.textidx:101577D3 push 2930h
.textidx:101577D8 mov edx, [ebp+arg_0]
.textidx:101577DB push edx
.textidx:101577DC call sub_10129060
.textidx:101577E1 add esp, 0Ch
.textidx:101577E4 mov eax, 0FFFFFF8Dh
.textidx:101577E9 jmp short loc_10157853
.textidx:101577EB ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
.textidx:101577EB
.textidx:101577EB loc_101577EB: ; CODE XREF: sub_10157010+7BDj
.textidx:101577EB cmp [ebp+var_4], 0
.textidx:101577EF jnz short loc_10157850

PATCHED CODE

.textidx:1015779B loc_1015779B: ; CODE XREF: sub_10157010+73Aj
.textidx:1015779B ; sub_10157010+76Aj
.textidx:1015779B lea ecx, [ebp+var_4]
.textidx:1015779E push ecx
.textidx:1015779F lea edx, [ebp+var_D8]
.textidx:101577A5 push edx
.textidx:101577A6 lea eax, [ebp+Dst]
.textidx:101577A9 push eax
.textidx:101577AA mov ecx, [ebp+Memory]
.textidx:101577B0 add ecx, 44h
.textidx:101577B3 push ecx
.textidx:101577B4 mov edx, [ebp+Memory]
.textidx:101577BA mov eax, [edx+4]
.textidx:101577BD push eax
.textidx:101577BE call sub_100B28B0
.textidx:101577C3 add esp, 14h
.textidx:101577C6 mov [ebp+var_20], eax
.textidx:101577C9 cmp [ebp+var_20], 0
.textidx:101577CD jmp short loc_101577EB
.textidx:101577CF ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
.textidx:101577CF mov ecx, [ebp+var_20]
.textidx:101577D2 push ecx
.textidx:101577D3 push 2930h
.textidx:101577D8 mov edx, [ebp+arg_0]
.textidx:101577DB push edx
.textidx:101577DC call sub_10129060
.textidx:101577E1 add esp, 0Ch
.textidx:101577E4 mov eax, 0FFFFFF8Dh
.textidx:101577E9 jmp short loc_10157853
.textidx:101577EB ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
.textidx:101577EB
.textidx:101577EB loc_101577EB: ; CODE XREF: sub_10157010+7BDj
.textidx:101577EB cmp [ebp+var_4], 0
.textidx:101577EF jmp short loc_10157850

After all, you can't achieve the impossible without attempting the absurd ;)

Arlequim,

I agree the patching way is the easiest path as long as you can identify the pubkey_verify function. However, as far as I know in the very latest SDK (v11.10) the .map file for the libraries is not included anymore and the obfuscated names are not easily reversable (*). In fact I haven't seen any working "automated" patcher for version 11.10. On the other hand the pubkey substitution is practically SDK independent. The obfuscated pubkey is easily fetched and de-obfuscated by debugging the binary. The hard task is to re-build the pubkey from the binary as it is saved together with a lot of random garbage.

(*) The name randomization function is as follows:

static void randomize(L_STRIP_OPTIONS * options,NAMELIST *np)
{
int i;
int len;
static char *letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
static char *letters_num = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz_ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
static char *emptyString = "";

if ( np == NULL )
return ;
if (options->zeros)
{
for (i=0 ; np[i].name != NULL ; i++)
if ( np[i].randname == NULL )
np[i].randname = emptyString;
}
else
{
for (i=0 ; np[i].name != NULL ; i++)
{
if ( np[i].randname == NULL && strlen(np[i].name) > 0)
{
int x;

len = strlen(np[i].name);
np[i].randname = (char *)malloc(len + 1);
np[i].randname[0] = letters[rand()%26];
for (x = 1; x < len; x++)
np[i].randname[x] = letters_num[rand()%63];
np[i].randname[len] = '\0'; /* null terminate */
}
}
}
}

Hi, if you are familiar with FLEXlm, you don't need to know names via .map file, you should be able to "explore" the binary file by recognition of several flow-chart, at least this is my personal approach. Mangled names (= exported functions) are nothing of serious. I didn't update my generic patcher as today ECC is apparently checked out, but the real challenge is TS and activation, alto i have figured out there are several weakness inside binary code but not so easy to find out. Anyway my previous example has been taken from @(#) FLEXnet Licensing v11.10.1.0 build 99220 i86_n3 (lmgr.lib), Copyright (c) 1988-2012 Flexera Software LLC. All Rights Reserved. So nothing has changed, and everything is possible ;)

I haven't worked on Flexm reversing for a while indeed, however, if I recall propelry (correct me if I'm mistakening) activation is an option which is rarely used and uses streams to store the information.
I'm not sure I fully understand TS. I'll be more than willing to collaborate if you think I could be of any help.

to find verification function simply search for push21b.
TS and activation is very weak, just 2 patch and you can add any license you want to license manager.
for changing pubkey, the best way is api hooking. every target which compiled with vs 2005 and higher with shared library is possible to hook to change pubkey.

Sometimes TS is bad implemented through the hook thats talks to the main app, i mean some developers left the front door opened :) S0lidw0rks by DSS is already a relevant example.
Last time i have mentioned about some weak point. Well, the weakest point of libFNP ASR-based activation is the a Trusted Storage itself. There is an assumption, if something is put into TS it becomes trusted. So, if you inject a tampered ASR into TS via the cracked libFNP library, the original library will treat it as legal.
It is also possible to inject a tampered ASR without any memory or static patches, all that you need is to kill some exceptions with VEH during ASR processing call.
Then you have to write your own routine to obtain the context of trusted storage and make a call to _flxActAddSpecifiedASR with VEH handler set on the custom handler.
Obviously this hacking works for client TS-based activation, the Server TS activation checks SIGN apparently, so it is useless to do the hack, anyway you have to patch ECC check.
Good luck ;)

It means two files need to be patched or other things? please expains in details,thanks;)

Hi Nathan,

I also tried tankers little pubkey tool, on a couple of different binaries, but had the same result and was unable to checkout any licences.
Could it be that somehow the pub/priv key pair is rejected because it was generated using default LMSEED values (0x1111111/0x22222222/0x33333333)?
I there a way to input different LMSEED values into tankers tool?

I also noticed that if you build lmcrypt using the above seed values, and you try to generate a license with SIGN= & SIGN2=; the length of the SIGN Key is 113/163/239 bit (depending on LM_STRENGTH), but the SIGN2 key length = 12 characters (i.e default)

rgds

RCER

Hi RCER,

to be honest I didn't spend so much time on it (good old days when I could spend as much time I could on RCE) and I didn't dig deeper into the issue. I will try on a couple of apps as soon as I can and let you know.

- nathan

Hi Nathan,

thanks

and regards

rcer

The first study Flexlm ECC
 

Hi, friends.
I just a student, and study Flexlm ECC, hope study updates.